Primary storage is the main memory in a computer. It stores data and programs that can be accessed directly by the processor. There are two types of primary storage which are (1) RAM (Random-Access Memory); and (2) ROM (Read-Only Memory).
RAM:
RAM:
- RAM is installed inside computers. RAM is also known as a working memory.
The data in RAM can be read (retrieved) or written (stored). - It is volatile (the programs & data are lost when the computer is powered off).
- Computer uses RAM to hold temporary instructions & data needed to complete tasks. This enables CPU to access instructions and data stored in the memory very quickly.
- RAM stores data during and after processing.
ROM:
- ROM is another type of memory permanently stored inside the computer.
- It is non-volatile (holds the programs and data when the computer is powered off).
- Programs in ROM have been pre-recorded by the manufacturer. Once it is done, it cannot be changed.
- Many complex functions, such as start up operating instructions, translators for high-level languages & operating systems are placed in ROM memory.
- All the contents in ROM can be accessed and read but cannot be changed.
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